Multiphysics for simulation of forming processes

This chapter is dedicated to the simulation of composite forming processes. It concerns numerical methods for molding, at the different material scales, involving multiphysics analysis. From the different possible numerical techniques, we focus on a stabilized finite element method for the resolution of the continuum equations (mass, momentum and energy conservation), in an Eulerian framework, with a level-set approach for interface displacement treatment. Internal variables, such as the reticulation rate or fiber fraction and orientation may be computed using models defined through ordinary differential equations. Examples at the process scale, but also at the composite inner structure scales illustrate the capabilities of such numerical techniques.